Computers for Organisations

Computers for Organisations:

Some computers handle the needs of many users at the same time. These powerful systems are most often used by organizations, such as businesses or schools, and are commonly found at the heart of the organization‘s network. . Generally, each user interacts with the centralized computer through his or her own devrce (generally desktop computer), freeing people from having to wait their turn at a Single

keyboard and monitor. The largest organizational computers support thousands 0f individual users at the same time, from thousands of miles away.

The four primary types of computers in this category are

Network Servers

Mainframe Computers 

Minicomputers

Supercomputers 

Network Servers:

Today, most organisations' networks are based on personal computers. Individual users have their own desktop computers, which are connected to one or more centralised computers, called network servers. A network server is usually a powerful personal computer with special software and equipment that enable it to function as the primary computer in the network

PC-based networks and sewers offer companies a great deal of flexibility. A PC-based server gives users flexibility to do different kinds of tasks. For example, some users may rely on the server for e-mail access, some may use it to perform accounting tasks, and others may use it to perform word-processing or database-management jobs. The server can support these processes, and many others, while storing information and programs for many people to use.

Mainframe Computers:

Mainframe computers are used in large organisations such as insurance companies and banks, where many peOple frequently need to use the same data. in a traditional mainframe environment, each user accesses the mainframe's resources

through a device called a terminal. There are two kinds of terminals. A dumb terminal does not process or store data; it is simply an input/output (l/O) device that functions as a window  into a computer located somewhere else. An intelligent
terminal can perform some processing operations, but it I usually does not have any storage. In some mainframe
environments, however, workers can use a standard personal  Mainframe computer to access the mainframe. Computer

Mainframes are large, powerful systems  The largest mainframes can handle the processing needs of thousands of users at any given moment. But what these systems offer in power, they lack in flexibility. Most mainframe systems are designed to handle only a specific set of tasks. In your state's Department of Motor Vehicles, for example, a mainframe system is probably devoted to storing information about drivers, vehicles, and driver's licenses, but little or nothing else. By limiting the number of tasks the system must perform, ' administrators preserve as much power as possible for required operations.

You may have interacted with a mainframe system without even

knowing it. For example, if you have ever visited an airline’s :Web site to reserve a seat on a flight, you probably conducted a transactions with a mainframe computer

Minicomputers:

First released in the 19603, minicomputers got their name because of their small size compared to other computers of the day. The capabilities of a minicomputer are somewhere between those of mainframes and personal computers. For this reason, minicomputers are often called midrange computers like mainframes, minicomputers can handle much more input and output than personal computers can. 

Supercomputers:

supercomputers are the most powerful computers made, and physically they are some of the largest . These systems can process huge amounts of data, and the fastest supercomputers can perform more than one trillion calculations per second. Supercomputers can house thousands of processors and ideal for handaling large and highly complex problems that